Nervous Systems
Central Nervous System made up of the brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System all nerves leading to the spine and away from the spine
Brain three areas
Cerebrum- controls senses ( seeing, hearing, tasting, smelling and feeling (skin), thinking, voluntary muscles, and learning.
Cerebellum - Muscle coordination and balance
Brain Stem ( medulla)- automatic operations breathing, heartbeat and digestion
Neurons nerve cells with three main parts
Dendrite attached to the cell body and receives information
Axon long tail like part that carries the message
Synapse the gap between the end of one neuron and the beginning of new neuron.
Types of Neurons are named by the job they do.
Sensory –send messages to the brain
Motor -send messages from brain to muscles
Connecting -connects sensory and motor neurons during a reflex
(Message doesn’t go to brain at first)
Drugs
Drugs-change the structure or function of the body
Tolerance -when your body builds up a resistance to a drug.
Addiction – the physical or mental need for a drug.
Prescription Safety
Don’t take another persons prescription
Follow all directions
Destroy all unused prescriptions
Medicines
Over the Counter (OTC) medicines that can be purchased without a doctors permission
Prescription can only be purchased with written permission of a doctor
The four most widely used medicines
Vaccines- dead or weakened germs that the body uses to make antibodies( Edward Jenner 1796)
Antibiotics- Medicines that kill or stop the growth of bacteria (Alexander Fleming 1928)
Heart and blood vessel medicine
Pain relievers
Types of Legal and Illegal Drugs
TYPE |
ACTION |
EXAMPLES |
| Stimulants |
Speed up body functions |
Amphetamines, Cocaine, Crack, Caffeine, Nicotine |
| Depressants |
Slows body down makes you sleepy |
Barbiturates, Tranquilizers, Alcohol |
| Narcotics |
Prescription pain relievers |
Morphine, Codeine, Heroin |
| Hallucinogens |
See and hear things that are not there |
LSD, PCP, and Ecstasy |
| Inhalants |
Substances breathe into lungs |
Household products- paint, cleaning solutions, petroleum products |
| Marijuana |
Causes loss of mental alertness |
Smoked hemp plant, THC |
| Steroid |
Man-made hormone used to increase strength |
Pills or injections |
